The Catholic Church's Stand on the Death Penalty

The Roman Catholic Church has more than 64 million members in the United States. That is about one in ten Americans.

The Catholic Church has a strong stand on the holiness and dignity of human life. It is mostly known for its decree that abortion is murder. Its members are told that if they have an abortion, they have committed a sin -- murder.

What is less known is that the Catholic Church also opposes the death penalty. On the web site http://www.americancatholic.org/, is the quote, "The Catholic Church opposes the death penalty in nearly all cases."

Pope John Paul II issued a statement called Evangelium Vitae (translation means "Teaching about Life") in 1995. This letter to the members of the Catholic Church spells out the church's position on capital punishment. (All statements issued by popes are considered to be issued by God himself, since the Catholic Church believes that the pope represents God on earth.)

Basically, the Catholic Church says that all human life is precious, and so long as a person is no longer a threat to society, he or she should not be killed. That means that if someone is in jail, where they can't hurt anyone else, they do not deserve to die. The pope says this because, in his view, all people have dignity, and all people can repent their sins and try to live different lives.

So the Catholic Church would not support letting criminals go free, but so long as the criminals are in jail, they should be allowed to live.

According to the teachings of the Catholic Church, the families of victims must be able to forgive the criminal who has done them wrong, because forgiveness is part of being a Christian.

Nick Virgilio

Nick Virgilio was born in Camden in 1928. He grew up with two brothers in the Fairview section of Camden. his father was a violinist.

Virgilio graduated from Camden High in 1946 and entered the Navy that same year. When he left the Navy in 1948 he enrolled at Temple University and got his degree in 1952.

In the 1950s Virgilio worked as a radio announcer in various locations. In 1958 he returned to Camden. He lived there the rest of his life.

Virgilio discovered haiku in 1962 and began to write it right away. Like Walt Whitman, he was not able to support himself as a poet, but he did begin to get a following that grew over the years. One of his first supporters was Father Michael Doyle at Camden's Sacred Heart Church.

His first collection of poems was published in 1985. By then, Nick Virgilio was considered the best haiku poet in the English language. Haiku is more difficult to write in English than in Japanese, so Virgilio experimented with the form, changing the syllables sometimes as needed, but keeping the three-line form.

Virgilio's youngest brother, Larry, was killed in the Vietnam War. This inspired some of the most famous of Virgilio's haikus. Many others were inspired by his life in Camden, the environment he lived in, and the people he met.

He died in 1989 as he was waiting to film a television show about his poetry. He is buried in Harleigh Cemetery, in a grave that can be seen from Walt Whitman's burial place.

Walt Whitman, America's Poet

Walt Whitman was born May 31, 1819 on Long Island in New York. He was one of nine children in a close family. His father was a carpenter.

Whitman ended his formal schooling at age 11 and went to work for a printing press. This is where his love of words began. By the age of 16 he was already writing poetry, but at first most of what he published was prose -- stories and newspaper articles. He founded his own newspaper on Long Island in 1839.

As a young man, Whitman worked for newspapers and wrote fiction. He traveled alone across the country and spent time wandering the streets of New York. In 1850 he began work on his best known book of poems, Leaves of Grass.

Walt Whitman's poetry was revolutionary for its time. In his day, proper poetry had to rhyme, and it had to be about "polite" subjects. Whitman wrote in "free verse" -- no rhyme, no specific length of lines. He also wrote about topics that were considered off-limits, like the beauty of the human body and sexuality. The publishers who looked at Leaves of Grass refused to publish it, so Whitman published the first edition of it himself.

Leaves of Grass was praised by another famous American poet, Ralph Waldo Emerson, but most people who read it thought it was obscene. Whitman made hardly any money off his poetry and had to work full-time and write on the side.

In 1862, Whitman's brother George was injured while fighting in the Civil War. Whitman left New York City and moved to Washington, DC, where his brother was recuperating in a hospital. Even after his brother left the hospital, Whitman stayed on, working as a nurse's aid and writing letters home from the wounded soldiers. This experience changed him. His poetry after that experience was darker and sadder than the high energy of Leaves of Grass.

During and after the Civil War, Whitman worked in Washington, DC in various positions for the government. During most of his life he was not able to support himself by writing.

In the early 1870s, an edition of Leaves of Grass was published in England. The English loved Whitman's poetry, and finally he began making money and earning the fame he deserved. At the same time his health began to fail. In 1873 he moved to CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY to be with his dying mother and his brother. He lived in CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY the rest of his life and is buried there in Harleigh Cemetery, next to Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital.

Walt Whitman's house is a museum in downtown Camden, across the street from the county jail.

Whitman is considered the best American poet and is often called "America's Poet." His work took all the poetry in the world in a new direction and led to the variety of poetry we read today.